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1. The definition of energy Conservation
 

Energy conservation does not mean to deprive ourselves from the electrical service but it means the best use of the electrical energy "take the same service with less energy". In fact stopping the waste of electrical energy, changing in the way we consume energy and use appliances with high quality all will help in increasing the quality of the electrical energy use. This will result in reducing the cost of electrical energy production and the consumption of it. The benefits of electrical energy cost reduction and cutting down the consumption will not benefit only the customers but will affect positively the national economy. The energy conservation is a national responsibility everyone in Palestine should adapt this culture and apply it in our normal life.
 

1. Direct reduction of the monthly electricity bill for the customers.

2. Reduce the cost of consuming electrical energy, thus reducing the production cost in the sectors of manufacturing, agriculture, services and any other using the electrical energy as a result of reducing the electricity bills.

3. Avoid the situation whereby there is shortage in the demanding electrical energy.

4. Assuring the continuity of electricity supply to all the consumers with good technical specification.

5. Saving in the capital which is needed to be used as investment in the build up of and rehabilitate the electrical network.

The lighting is clearly considered as one of the main way of consuming electrical energy, there are someinstructions here help in saving electrical energy while using the lighting system:

1. Replace the normal electrical lamps with florescent lamps whose quality is high and consume less energy.

2. Make use of natural light at day Instead of using the electricity in lighting.

3. Clean up the electrical lamps from the dust and the dirt to have good lightings with less connected lamps to the electricity.

4. Switch on the lights in the only used place.

5. Use timer for the lights outside the house to be switched off during the day.

6. Paint the walls with bright colors which help in light propagations.

7. Reduce the use of the lighting chandelier which holds a lot of bulbs and increase the heat in the house

8. which may require air conditioning.

The common understanding among the people that the heaters do not consume a lot of energy because the

heaters are only being used at some limited certain time, however this spread wide understanding can at most the cases increase the rate of electrical energy consumption. The optimum use of the heater can reduce the electricity consumption.

The following procedures can be used in this regard:

1. Making sure that the thermostat of the heater is working properly because if the thermostat is damaged it can still drain energy besides in this case explosion may occur.

2. Making sure that there is no leakage in the pipes and fittings for the hot water, The leakage turns the heater on for non stopping which increase the consumption.

3. Not using the heater in the summer given that solar hot water system is installed and also not using the heater when is not needed.

4. Use solar hot water system.

The air conditioning device one of the appliances which is used frequently in the summer due to the increase in the weather, this lead to the consumption of a lot of energy, the following guides can be considered:

1. Close the windows and the doors to stop the hot air from entering the house.

2. Carefully filling the holes to stop the outdoor hot air from entering the house by using weather stripping and caulking around windows, doors and any other places.

3. Close the windows insulators curtains to keep out the hot air from entering to the narrow areas to assure providing good airing to the air conditioner, and avoiding installing the "Window Type" air conditioner.

4. Clean or replace the air conditioner's filter regularly as its difficult to the air to be passed when the filter is dirty in which would increase the air conditioner consumption of electrical energy.

5. Turn of the air conditioner when leaving the room or the office.

6. Keeping the air conditioner thermostat no lower than 78 Fahrenheit or 25 c degree as it’s the optimal comfortable degree for cooling.
    

Cooking using electrical appliances consumes considerable amount of energy the following advices help in saving or reducing the consumed energy:

1. Use Gas cooker.

2. Reduce the opening of the door of the electrical cooker as it will help in losing the heat inside the cooker which may cause the period of cooking to be lasted for longer which would lead to more consumed energy.
    

Washing machines and electrical driers consume a lot of energy, there are great saving potential related to good use behavior:

1. Use full load when washing.

2. Drying the clothes under the sun lights instead of using electrical dryer.

1. Prevent the heat to move from inside the building to outside the building in the winter and keep out the hot air from entering the building in the summer.

2. Reduce the air conditioner capacity used inside the building.

Guidance list help in energy conservation for other sectors and sites Factories

1. Appoint a responsible person in the factory to be in charge of the implementation of the energy conservation guidelines inside the factory.

2. Turn off all devices, air conditioning units and lights at the places which is not occupied and at the end of the works.

3. Connect the air conditioning system to the electricity from different connection that feeds the machinery in the factory to be able to turn off a larger number of the air conditioners at the peak period.

4. Improve the unisolated buildings by adding insulators to ceilings , outer walls and windows.

5. Reduce or stop outer and inner electrical lighting during day hours by depending on natural lights.

6. Utilization of fluorescent lamps and power save lamps whose consumption is less and quality is higher.

7. Stop the operation of some secondary equipments during peak period.

8. Complete the annual maintenance process during summer period.

9. Do a periodic maintenance for outfits especially those of high consumption in order to reduce its consumption.

10. Arrange the labor periods and schedule to avoid rush period.

11. Test the power factor in the factory and try to improve it to technically accepted limit.

12. Reduce the production during the summer and intensifying it during winter.

13. Make available stand by generators to stand by for the factory in the case of electricity cut, they can be used during peak hours if necessary.

14. The factory administration should work on making the employees and workers to be more aware of the importance of energy conservation by hanging guide statements and drawings inside the factory at where workers are.

1. Turn off electrical fans after work time is ended.

2. Turn off central air conditioning after work time is ended and whenever it's not needed.

3. Keep monitoring and following up the turning off air conditioning and lights after work is ended and at not occupied places.

4. Setup the thermostat of air conditioning at 25 c (75 Fahrenheit) which is the most suitable temperature for comfortable cooling.

5. Equip the central air conditioning system with a thermal programmer so that the device functions in accordance with the outside temperature.

6. Increase the quality of central conditioning by cleaning up the cooling pipes and the filters.

7. Pay attention to closing all holes through which the hot air may enter by using weather stripping and caulking around windows, doors and any other places.

8. Improve the uninsulated buildings by adding insulators to ceilings outer walls and windows.

9. Maintain the building doors' entrance to insure that the doors are properly would be closed and locked.

10. Reduce the level of lighting density of pathways and the places whereby utilization of natural lighting is possible.

11. Replace normal lamps (Tungsten) by more economical ones (fluorescent) and adjust the elevator lights to be turned off automatically whenever the elevator is not operating.

12. Do a periodic maintenance for the elevators.

13. Stop the use of water electrical heaters during summer.

14. Carry out a protective maintenance programs for all electrical devices to keep them working properly.

15. Make available stand by generators and use them during peak period in the months of the summer if its necessary.

1. Make sure that the electrical fans are off before leaving the place.

2. Make sure that the windows air conditioning key, the separate conditioning units and central air conditioning are off after the end of the work.

3. Make sure that the windows and doors are closed while the conditioning is on.

4. Turn off the lights inside the office after the work is ended.

5. Turn off all electrical devices which are used during work before leaving the place.

• Turn off air conditioning every day during peak period and at the end of the work.

• Make sure that the air conditioning control keys are adjusted properly.

• Use an automatic adjusting system for air conditioning (timer).

• Separate the electrical connection for the air conditioning system from the lighting one to control both of them separately.

• Do periodic maintenance for the air conditioning devices in order to make sure that they are working properly.

• Improve the unisolated buildings by adding insulators for ceilings, out walls and windows.

• Use the proper illumance (fluorescent) or power save lamps whose quality is higher and consumption is less.

• Replace the outer lamps, the ones surrounding the market by power save ones. Also not to use them as possible especially at summer.

• Make available standby electrical generators and use them during summer peak periods if its necessary.

• Appoint a responsible person in the hospital to be in charge of the implementation of the energy conservation guidelines.

• Install automatic controller devices for the operation of the air conditioning and lighting (timer).

• Turn off the air conditioning and lighting in outer clinics , patients' rooms, the living places for doctors and nurses and administration offices during unoccupied periods.

• Do periodic maintenance for air conditioning devices in order to make sure they are working properly.

• Improve the unisolated buildings by adding insulators for ceilings out walls and windows.

• Utilization of proper illumance (fluorescent) or power save lamps whose consumption is less and quality is higher.

• Reduce the lighting at general pathways and getting the benefit of natural lighting if exists.

• Buy a higher quality and less consumption electrical devices.

• Stop the use of electrical heaters and use solar water heaters during summer.

• Replace electrical furnaces by those working on natural gas at hospitals kitchens.

• Make available standby generators and use them at summer peak hours if needed.

• Hanging posters including powers consumption guidance conscious statements at workers prominent places.

• Appoint a responsible person to be in charge of the implementation of the energy conservation guidelines.

• Connect the air conditioning to the electricity from different connection than that feeds the lighting system in order to control each separately.

• Utilization of air conditioning automatic control system to turn them off if needed.

• Do periodic maintenance for air conditioning devices to guarantee them working properly.

• Improve the unisolated buildings by adding insulators for ceilings out walls and windows.

• Utilization of power illumance (fluorescent) and power save lamps whose quality is higher and consumption is less instead of normal lamps (tungsten) whose quality is less and consumption is higher.

• Reduce the lighting at general pathways and getting the benefit of natural lighting if exits.

• Adjust the elevator lighting so that it turns off automatically whenever is not being used.

• Install Program for the use of elevators.

• Stop the use of the electrical heaters and getting the benefit of solar heaters during summer peak periods.

• Replace electrical furnaces by those working on gas at hotels kitchens.

• Get the benefit of some guidance modern techniques like utilization of special cards helping in turning off any load when the person gets out of the room.

• Buy higher quality and less consumption electrical devices.

• Make available standby generators and use them during summer peak periods if needed.

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It is the period when the demand of power increase and loads raise to the max. it is usually within 12:00 Am – 17:00 Pm at summer time and within 6:00 – 9:00 and 12:00-14:00 at winter.
 

• Defer the use of some house duties to other times during morning and evening periods like washing and pressing.

• Decrease the number of home and office air conditioning units to minimum.

• Do periodic maintenance to the factories during summer months.

• Separate of air the conditioning loads from machinery ones.

• Stop electrical big water heaters and use solar ones during summer peak periods.

• Make available standby generators.

• Rest the industrial loads during that period.
   

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