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Electricity Dangers

I - Dangers on Life:
When an electrical current goes through the human’s body it causes dangerous effects. The level of danger depends on the area of the electrical shock and how strong the current is and that could cause third-degree burns. If the current and voltage are strong enough they can cause disability or even death sometimes. Electrical current also has thermo effects that cause the burns and chemical effects that cause damaging blood and nerve cells.

II - Dangers on Properties:
When a short circuit happens between the electrical cables due to the failure of the barrier, the cables in the circuit are no longer fit for the current going through them; that can cause an overload of current in these circuits which makes them very hot to the point where the heat coming out of them will cause the surroundings to burn. Also overloaded cables can melt and fell on objects that are flammable and that might cause big fires if the problem was not contaminated immediately.

III - Dangers on machinery and Electrical Equipment:
Bad uses on electrical equipment can cause damaging or burning them. Bad uses include overloading of generators and transformers . Also neglecting of periodic maintenance such as cleaning , oil changes and lubrication, or if the weather is too hot and moist and if sand and dust gets inside them are considered as bad uses.
 

2. Causes of Electrical Dangers

I - Errors in the designing process:

• If the design of the electrical works is not done by a professional electrical engineer.

• If the cables and connections’ capacity is lower than the voltage going through them.

• If the method of security does not fit the area where it is installed like not using circuit breakers that has security against Electrical Leakage Control Board that prevents the current from leaking to the ground (E.L.C.B) in areas like kitchens and bathrooms.

• The loads are not balanced on the 3 phases.

• Not picking the correct areas to install the distribution board and having the right number for every circuit.

• Shortage of the number of electrical sockets which forces the consumer to use the same electrical socket to connect several electrical devices or to use outside wiring.

• Not having ground connection in the electrical circuit or the main ground cable for the- building.

• Not using system that prevents lightning in exposed areas.
  
   

II- Errors in the installation process:

• Not having an electrical engineer to supervise the installation of the electrical connections and not using professional technicians to make the connections.

• Not following the electrical plans and drawings during installation.

• Not using the correct connections or cables.

• Not using ground connections in the sockets.

• Having more than the allowed number of wires in one tube.

• Having not tight connections and not using the right circuit breakers leads to short circuit which causes circuit breaker damage and fires may occur.

• Having the electrical connections close to the water and gas connections.

• Not keeping the connectivity of the grounding cable.
  
  Bad Use:

• Connecting many electrical devices to the same socket.

• Touching any part of the circuit with wet hands or while standing on a wet floor.

• Using bad quality electrical devices.

• Taking out the plug from the socket gently.

• Using outside wiring and indirect connections for electrical devices.

• Not equipping the electrical sockets with safety means to protect kids from playing with them.

• Not connecting the groundings for the electrical devices in good manner.

• Having electrical connections under carpet or close to windows and seats which causes the cables to be brittle and that leads to their damage.

Neglecting Maintenance:

• Not conducting regular tests for the wiring and the electrical devices.

• Not cleaning and maintaining of the electrical devices.

• Not switching off the electrical current while doing maintenance work.

• Not replacing the means electricity cutters when noticing sparks during use.

• Neglecting the electrical loads and not making sure the circuit breakers and the wires fit the loads.

• No tightening at the end of the wires in sockets, switches or the circuit breakers which cause sparks that lead to their damage.

1. Having electrical engineers do the designing.

2. Professional technicians to install.

3. Following the instructions in the technical brochures attached to any electrical machine used.

4. When there is no electricity, all electrical devices that have motors like air conditioners, fridges, and washers should be turned off.

5. Using large and small boards to distribute electricity to make control easier.

6. Making special and independent circuits for large machines like air conditioners and washing machines.

7. Separating all the following circuits from each other and using separate tubes and single boards:
   • Lighting and fans circuits.
   • Air conditioners circuits.
   • Low power systems like telephones, bills, fire alarms, etc.
   • Equal distribution of the loads on all three phases as much as possible.

8. Using good ground connections for all electrical devices and also grounding all the uncovered metal objects that are close to any electrical connection.

9. Using isolating material in machinery and installation should be from the best kinds and have high isolating capabilities and qualities.

10. All electrical connections must be tight and using screws to tight the copper wires inside sockets and using plastic tape to cover the ends if needed.

11. Connection boxes must be strong and spacious and have good cover and must not be kept open.

12. Using the right an good electrical tools to make any connection.

13. Regular maintenance and testing,

4- personal precautions against electrical dangers

1. Disconnect using circuit breakers or fuses before starting cleaning any electrical bulb.

2. Don’t try to fix up electrical faults by your own but call the professional technician.

3. Not having electrical connections under carpet or close to windows and seats which causes the cables to be brittle and to stand on the way of the people

4. Not having the electrical connections close to water , heat sources such as hot pipes or hot devices.

5. When disconnecting cords, pull the plug gently , not the cord.

6. making sure to do periodic tests for cables and installation as the installation is subject to be brittle leading to short circuit which may causes fires to break out.

7. Not touching any part of the lighting switches with wet hands.

8. Not connecting many electrical devices to one socket

9. Not switching on any electrical devices while standing on wet floor, if the person is wet or with bare foot.

10. Not leaving dust to accumulate on the motors of electrical devices by cleaning in continuously.

11. Not trying to check or fix up the electrical devices while they are connected to the electricity.

12. Put farmable material away from all electrical devices.

13. not leaving electrical devices on after finishing the using them.

14. replace the brittle wires with new one without trying to stick them together with sticker.

15. avoid construct buildings close to transmission lines.

16. spread out the awareness of electricity use and stay careful by not touching the electrical wires or sockets , stay away from the disconnected electrical lines and not to play with electrical tools and devices.
     

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